Bộ từ vựng và cấu trúc IELTS Writing Task 2

Trong quá trình luyện IELTS Writing Task 2, từ vựng và cấu trúc câu đóng vai trò quyết định khả năng diễn đạt ý tưởng một cách rõ ràng và học thuật. Vì vậy, VietJack đã tổng hợp trọn bộ từ vựng và cấu trúc quan trọng, được phân loại chi tiết theo từng dạng bài để bạn tiện theo dõi và áp dụng. Nắm vững những nền tảng này sẽ giúp việc viết luận trở nên dễ dàng và hiệu quả hơn.

Bộ từ vựng và cấu trúc IELTS Writing Task 2

1. Từ vựng dùng trong Writing IELTS Task 2

Trong IELTS Writing Task 2 có những từ/cụm từ vựng nào được dùng phổ biến không nhỉ? Làm sao để áp dụng được những từ/cụm từ vựng này một cách hiệu quả để có thể đạt được band điểm cao trong IELTS Writing?

Cùng xem qua vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 2 dưới đây cùng VietJack nhé!

1.1. Phần mở bài

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
Some individuals are of the opinion that….	Nhiều người có ý kiến cho rằng…	Some individuals are of the opinion that the government should impose heavy tax on personal vehicels.
It goes without saying that…	Sự thật hiển nhiên là…	It goes without saying that global warming has been the major problem that needs urgent actions to be addressed.
It is undeniable that…	Sự thật không thể chối cãi là...	It is undeniable that the relocation of industrial zones to surburn areas would reduce pollution in central cities.
Many people claim that….	Nhiều người tuyên bố rằng…	Many people claim that living in major cities is detrimental to both their mental and physical health.
A is one of the most important issues...	A là một trong những vấn đề quan trọng…	Overweigh is one of the most important issues that are worth concern.
Nowadays/ Recently/ These days	Ngày nay/Gần đây/Thời gian gần đây	Nowadays, young people have a tendency to be workaholic.
It is often said that...	Người ta thường nói rằng...	It is often said that traveling plays a crucial role in enhancing cultural knowledge.
...Is a heated debate…	…là một vấn đề đang được bàn luận sôi nổi	Whether history should be the compulsory subject in school is a heated debate.

1.2. Phần kết thúc mở bài

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
From my perspective…	Theo quan điểm của tôi…	From my perspective, I would express my strong opposition to that suggestion as broadcasting criminal cases through multimedia sites is beneficial in terms of educating citizens and exercising caution in dealing with serious offenses.
This essay would delve into,...	Bài luận này sẽ bàn về...	This essay would delve into the reason why many people encounter the failure of balancing those aforementioned aspects and propose certain solutions to deal with the problem.
The following paragraphs discuss...	Những đoạn văn sau sẽ nói đến…	The following paragraphs discuss why individuals in certain regions make an endeavor in knowing more about their families and reach an accord that the phenomenon is positive.
I strongly disagree with the notion that…	Tôi hoàn toàn không đồng tình với ý kiến…	I strongly disagree with the notion that information that is now easily accessible via the use of computers can replace museums.

1.3. Phần đưa ra luận điểm

Cấu trúc nêu luận điểm cho IELTS Writing Task 2

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
To begin/start with…	Đầu tiên là…	To begin with, the aging population plays a practical role in providing assistance for young generations in family and society.
Firstly/First and foremost,...	Luận điểm đầu tiên là…	Firstly, seniors have devoted their whole life to contributing to the growth of our society; therefore, treating them with dignity and respect is of paramount importance.
Not to mention that…	Chưa kể đến…	Not to mention that exchanging goods under no governmental restrictions offers full accessibility to a diversity of products.
Chief among these is…	Một trong những điểm quan trọng là…	Chief among these is that recreational activities based on technology mostly require people to sit for long periods of time, which promotes a sedentary lifestyle.
Concerning the first/second idea,...	Xét về ý tưởng thứ nhất/thứ hai…	Concerning the second idea, the proliferation of illegal trading would be negatively encouraged when no policy is established by the government.
Another point worth concerning is…	Một luận điểm khác đáng lưu ý là…	Another point worth concerning is that the increasing number of senior populations stimulates the demand for healthcare.
Furthermore/ Besides/In addition,...	Ngoài ra/Bên cạnh đó/Hơn nữa…	Furthermore, these days, the social standing of a family tends to depend on the way they organize their children’s weddings.
Lastly/ Last but not least,...	Luận điểm cuối cùng là…	Last but not least, artificial intelligence software is capable of translating multiple languages.

1.4. Phần trình bày ý tưởng và đưa ra ví dụ

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
Regarding/In terms of + gerund	Xét về mặt…	Regarding the latter solutions, urgent actions should be taken to move major industries to the outskirts, which consequently prevents people from migrating to cities and hence lower the homelessness rate in metropolises.
In particular,...	Cụ thể là…	In particular, DNA tests have helped many people without family to track down their long-lost relatives and discover brothers and sisters they never knew they had.
With regard/respect to + gerund	Xét về khía cạnh…	With regard to causes of pollution, car emissions are not the sole contributor.
According to + Noun	Theo như…	According to me, the growth of cities has created many social problems.
For instance/ For example	Ví dụ như là…	For example, people owing a digital device such as smartphones can access both online and offline games at ease within their convenience.
Not only….but also….	Không những…mà còn...	Obviously, traditional music requires not only a thorough understanding of its nature but also talent as well as constant practice to deliver the best piece of music enjoyed by the public.
It appears that...	Có vẻ như…	It appears that language is one of the authentic reflections of its culture; thus, linguistic learning would play a pivotal role in the provision of cultural experience that electronic translators fail to deliver.
At the same time...	Cùng lúc đó thì…	At the same time performers of pop music always try to set good examples, especially when presenting in public.

1.5. Phần đưa ra kết quả

Cấu trúc phần nêu kết quả trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
As a consequence/Consequently	Hệ quả là…	Consequently, hard-working employees would probably be offered competitive salaries and good benefits.
As a result	Kết quả là…	As a result, young people can significantly alleviate social problems and improve the quality of life in their community.
Therefore/Thus,...	Vì vậy…	Therefore, it is the schools’ responsibility to provide their students with essential knowledge as well as practical skills to be intellectual and become innovative workers in the job market.
Due to + Noun	Vì/Do…	Due to the substantial increase in industrial production combined with excessive deforestation, global warming has been becoming an alarming issue.
…lead to…/ result in...	…dẫn đến…	Obviously, tremendous pressure from work and a lack of support from all relatives resulted in the tendency of hiding one's inner feelings, whose long-term effect would do more harm than good to his or her mental health.

1.6. Phần thể hiện tương phản

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
Though/Although/Even though…	Mặc dù…	To recapitulate, although some people may withstand mental suffering when not living in close proximity to families and friends for the sake of searching for a source of livelihood, this practice provides individuals with wage stability, and ample opportunities to be advanced.
However/Nevertheless,...	Tuy nhiên,...	However, schools should benefit children as individuals because these institutes are crucial in helping children to emotionally develop and unleash their potential.
Despite/In spite of + Noun,...	Mặc dù vậy,...	Despite the aforementioned drawbacks, I think that patriotism can be favorable in terms of promoting solidarity and enhancing national independence.
Despite the fact that…	Mặc cho thực tế là…	Despite the fact that certain individuals suppose that the government allocation of financial resources should be distributed to other impoverished countries, I think it is of paramount importance to focus on curbing their domestic issues.

1.7 Phần đưa ra ý kiến

Cấu trúc để nếu quan điểm trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
From my perspective/point of view In my viewpoint/opinion	Quan điểm của tôi là…	From my perspective, I am in consummate agreement with the proposal of determining national priority on internal problems
Personally	Cá nhân tôi cho rằng…	Personally, exerting discipline on parents for their children’s wrongdoings is not justified as every individual is responsible for their own actions and kids are also influenced by other factors.
I think/suppose/agree that…	Tôi nghĩ là…	I think that the demerits of this tendency are eclipsed by its benefits.
A.s far as I am concerned,...	Theo như tôi được biết thì…	As far as I am concerned, it is not vital to the success of an individual; this is because whether maths is important is dependent both on the business and the position of the employee or employer holds.

1.8. Phần kết luận

Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Ví dụ
In conclusion To sum up To recapitulate In brief	Tóm lại,…./ Kết luận,….	In conclusion, although parents play a crucial role in setting examples for their children, I am of the opinion that it is unjustified to accuse them of their children’s dirty deeds because of individual liability for their actions and other exterior influential parties.
Taking everything into consideration,…	Cân nhắc mọi vấn đề,…	Taking everything into consideration, I argue that while mathematics is certainly an important component of any business and a useful skill set for any employee, one does not necessarily need to be proficient in mathematics in order to nonetheless succeed.
All in all,...	Tóm lại,.../ Kết luận,…	All in all, although I acknowledge that the role of offering pragmatic knowledge of real-life experiences is undeniable, from my perspective, the inexpensive cost and diversified content of books and movies make them a more possible approach to widen one’s horizon.
Weighing up both sides of the argument,...	Cân nhắc hai mặt của vấn đề,...	Weighing up both sides of the argument, although children have to face pressure from studying more lingual subjects in their very early years of life, the integration of foreign languages in primary school's curriculum has paved the way for enhancing students' capability and career prospects.

2. Cấu trúc cho Writing Task 2

2.1. Cấu trúc câu cho phần mở bài

1. Many/some people claim/believe that...

Nhiều / một số người tuyên bố/ tin rằng ...

2. There is no denying that...
Không thể phủ nhận rằng...

3. It goes without saying that...
Không cần phải nói rằng ...

4. These days.../ Nowadays.../ In this day and age...
Những ngày này ... / Ngày nay ... / Trong thời đại ngày nay ...

5. It is often said that...
Người ta thường nói rằng ...

6. It is universally accepted that...
Mọi người đều chấp nhận rằng ...

7. People are divided in their opinion regarding...
Mọi người chia rẽ theo ý kiến của họ về ...

8. We live in an age when many of us are...
Chúng ta đang sống trong thời đại mà nhiều người trong chúng ta ...

9..... is one of the most important issues...
.... là một trong những vấn đề quan trọng nhất ...

10. Whether .... or .... is a controversial issue...
Cho dù .... hay .... là một vấn đề gây tranh cãi ...

2.2. Từ và cụm từ hữu ích để kết thúc phần giới thiệu

1. Let us examine both views before reaching a concrete decision.
Hãy để chúng tôi kiểm tra cả hai quan điểm trước khi đi đến một quyết định cụ thể.

2. The following paragraphs discuss whether ...... or ...... and reach a reasonable conclusion.
Các đoạn sau thảo luận về việc ...... hay ...... và đưa ra kết luận hợp lý.

3. I oppose the view and my reasons will be explained in the following paragraphs.
Tôi phản đối quan điểm và lý do của tôi sẽ được giải thích trong các đoạn sau.

4. My two cents go for...
Hai xu của tôi dành cho ...

5. I personally believe that...
Cá nhân tôi tin rằng ...

6. The following essay takes a look at both sides of the argument.
Bài tiểu luận sau đây sẽ xem xét cả hai mặt của lập luận.

7. I will support this view with arguments in the following paragraphs.
Tôi sẽ hỗ trợ quan điểm này với các đối số trong các đoạn sau.

8. However, I strongly believe that...
Tuy nhiên, tôi tin tưởng mạnh mẽ rằng ...

9. Thus the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages...
Do đó, những lợi thế vượt xa những nhược điểm ...

10. I wholeheartedly believe that this trend should be changed.
Tôi hoàn toàn tin tưởng rằng xu hướng này nên được thay đổi.

2.3. Cách viết kết bài trong IELTS Writing Task 2

IELTS Writing Task 2 chỉ yêu cầu 1 kết bài ngắn gọn và đủ ý bởi nội dung ở phần thân bài mới là điều được chú ý cao của toàn bài viết. Nếu kết bài của bạn ngắn và đơn giản, đừng lo lắng gì cả, điều đó hoàn toàn được chấp nhận. Thậm chí bạn cũng không cần thiết nghĩ ra những ý tưởng mới mẻ, đột phá cho kết bài; bạn chỉ cần paraphrase mở bài hoặc tóm tắt lại ý kiến lựa chọn của bạn mà thôi. Quan trọng là không đưa thêm lí do, không đưa thêm ý kiến mới, và không đưa ra các thông tin mới chưa được dẫn ra trong thân bài vào kết bài.

Các bạn hãy tham khảo các kết bài sau nhé:

1. Dạng câu hỏi ‘To what extent …’ (Opinion)
For the reasons mentioned above, I believe that... (+ repeat your opinion).

2. Dạng câu hỏi ‘Discuss both views and …’ (Discussion + Opinion)
In conclusion, there are convincing arguments both for and against... (paraphrased topic), but I believe that... (if the question asks for your opinion).

3. Dạng câu hỏi ‘Advantages and Disadvantages’ (Do the … outweigh the …?)
In conclusion, I would argue that the benefits of... (paraphrased topic) outweigh the drawbacks.

4. Dạng câu hỏi ‘Cause/Effect and Solutions’ (Problem and Solution)
In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons for... (paraphrased topic), and steps need to be taken to tackle this problem.

3. Ví dụ mở - kết bài mẫu cho Task 2

Ví dụ #1: Dạng đề ‘To what extent …’

The older generations tend to have very traditional ideas about how people should live, think and behave. However, some people believe that these ideas are not helpful in preparing younger generations for modern life.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?

Mở bài mẫu:

It is true that many older people believe in traditional values that often seem incompatible with the needs of younger people. While I agree that some traditional ideas are outdated, I believe that others are still useful and should not be forgotten. (42 words)

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, although the views of older people may sometimes seem unhelpful in today’s world, we should not dismiss all traditional ideas as irrelevant. (24 words)

Ví dụ #2: Dạng đề ‘Discuss both views and …’

Some people think that strict punishments for driving offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Mở bài mẫu:

People have differing views with regard to the question of how to make our roads safer. In my view, both punishments and a range of other measures can be used together to promote better driving habits.

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, while punishments can help to prevent bad driving, I believe that other road safety measures should also be introduced.

Ví dụ #3: Dạng bài ‘Advantages and Disadvantages’

Modern societies need specialists in certain fields, but not others. Some people, therefore, think that governments should pay university fees for students who study subjects that are needed by society. Those who choose to study less relevant subjects should not receive the government funding.

Would the advantages of such an educational policy outweigh the disadvantages?

Mở bài mẫu:

In every country, there are fashions among students about which subjects are the best to the study at university. Sometimes the popularity of a subject is determined by how much money a graduate could subsequently earn in that field. Or subjects that are perceived as relatively ‘easy’ may also become popular, in spite of later difficulties of finding appropriate employment. It is up to governments to give incentives to students to choose subjects that match the needs of their society.

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, I think there are many other incentives for students that could be considered, such as making courses more interesting to take, or the job rewards greater after graduation. The education policy proposed above, however, would certainly have more long-term disadvantages than benefits for society.

Ví dụ #4: Dạng bài ‘Cause/Effect and Solutions’

In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them?

Mở bài mẫu:

Nowadays, obesity has become one of the outstanding problems in some countries especially in developed and developing ones in addition to the fact that the majority of people do not have healthy body.

Kết bài mẫu:

To conclude, I personally believe that the more we eat nutrition foods or do regular exercises, the healthier body we have as well as a healthier mindset.

Ví dụ #5: Dạng bài ‘Two-part Question’

Many people prefer to watch foreign films rather than locally produced films.
Why could this be?

Should governments give more financial support to local film industries?

Mở bài mẫu:

It is true that foreign films are more popular in many countries than domestically produced films. There could be several reasons why this is the case, and I believe that governments should promote local film- making by subsidising the industry.

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, I believe that increased financial support could help to raise the quality of locally made films and allow them to compete with the foreign productions that currently dominate the market.

Ví dụ #6: Dạng bài ‘Two-part Question’

These days more fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work.

What could be the reasons for this?

Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

Mở bài mẫu:

It is true that men are increasingly likely to take on the role of househusband, while more women than ever are the breadwinners in their families. There could be several reasons for this, and I consider it to be a very positive trend.

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, the changing roles of men and women in the family are a result of wider changes in society, and I believe that these developments are desirable.

Dùng mệnh đề ‘while’ cho mở bài và kết bài

Thông thường, chúng ta hay mở đầu bằng câu "It is true that", sau đó, chúng ta sử dụng mệnh đề “while” để đưa ra ý kiến về 2 mặt của vấn đề, gói gọn trong 1 câu

Mở bài dùng 'while'

Bạn có thể đi theo cấu trúc sau đây:

While I accept ( … argument A), I favor (… argument B) Ví dụ tham khảo:
Early technological developments helped ordinary people and changed their lives more than recent developments. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Mở bài mẫu:

Technological progress has taken place throughout the course of human history. While early technologies certainly changed the lives of normal people, I believe that recent breakthroughs have had an even greater impact.

Kết bài dùng “while”

Có thể các bạn đều biết là chúng ta thường có xu hướng dùng “while” trong đoạn mở đầu. Ngoài ra có thể dùng câu “while” cho kết bài. Hãy xem ví dụ sau:

Some people think that strict punishments for driving offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Kết bài mẫu:

In conclusion, while punishments can help to prevent bad driving, I believe that other road safety measures should also be introduced.

Bạn nên tránh sử dụng “Tóm lại” (In a nutshell) vì nó không chính thức, mang tính trang trọng mà thay vào đó nên sử dụng “Trong kết luận/để kết luận” (In conclusion/to conclude).

Hy vọng bộ từ vựng và cấu trúc Writing Task 2 mà VietJack chia sẻ sẽ hỗ trợ bạn nâng cao khả năng diễn đạt và phát triển luận điểm một cách tự nhiên hơn. Khi kết hợp đúng phương pháp luyện tập với nguồn tài liệu chất lượng, điểm Writing của bạn chắc chắn sẽ có bước tiến rõ rệt. Đừng quên lưu lại và tiếp tục tham khảo các tài liệu hữu ích khác từ VietJack để củng cố kỹ năng viết mỗi ngày.

Xem thêm các thông tin mới nhất về kỳ thi IELTS:

• Hướng dẫn làm dạng bài Problems and Solutions trong IELTS Writing Task 2

• Hướng dẫn làm dạng bài Two - Part Question trong IELTS Writing Task 2

• Bộ từ vựng IELTS Writing Task 2 theo chủ đề hay nhất

• Có nên sử dụng từ vựng cao cấp trong IELTS Writing không

• Chinh phục bài viết IELTS bằng cách sử dụng từ nối hiệu quả

• Các cách paraphrase ăn điểm trong IELTS Writing Task 2

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