Cách dùng A; An; Some với danh từ đếm được dễ hiểu nhất

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Cách dùng A; An; Some với danh từ đếm được dễ hiểu nhất

I. Cách dùng a/an

-   Trước một danh từ số ít đếm được.
Ex: We need a microcomputer (Chúng tôi cần một máy vi tính). / He eats an ice-cream.
- Trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định.
Ex: a lot (nhiều); a couple (một cặp/đôi); a third (một phần ba) / a dozen (một tá); a hundred (một trăm); a quarter (một phần tư)

**Không dùng mạo từ bất định(a / an) trong các trường hợp sau:
-  Trước danh từ số nhiều

- Trước danh từ không đếm được
Ex: He gave us good advice (Ông ta cho chúng tôi những lời khuyên hay). 

               I write on paper (Tôi ghi trên giấy)
- Trước tên gọi các bữa ăn, trừ phi có tính từ đứng trước các tên gọi đó
Ex: They have lunch at eleven (họ dùng cơm trưa lúc 11 giờ)
But: You gave me a delicious dinner (bạn đã cho tôi một bữa ăn tối thật ngon miệng).

II. Cách sử dụng Some

- Some có thể dùng với danh từ đếm được ( số nhiều) và không đếm được

VD: some books, some water, some rice, some houses, etc.

-Some dùng trong câu khẳng định

VD: I need some candies, He has bought some houses.

- Tuy nhiên, khi chúng ta muốn đề nghị hay yêu cầu một cái gì đó thì sẽ dùng "some" thay thế cho "any".
 VD : Would you like some coffee?
Is there some ham in the fridge, mum? I'm very hungry.

Bài tập: Điền “some, a hay an” thích hợp vào chỗ trống.

1. … orange juice

2. … orange

3. … carrot

4. … onions

5. … water

6 … tomato

7. … rice

8. … bread

9_ apples

10. . … banana

11.… vegetables

12. . … beans

Key: 

1.some.orange juice

2.an.. orange

3. .a.. carrot

4.some.. onions

5.some.. water

6..a. tomato

7. .some. rice

8. .some. bread

9. _someapples

10. ..a. banana

11..some.. vegetables

12. some.. beans

3. .a.. potato

Bài tập bổ sung

Exercise 1. Fill in a, an, or some into the gaps.

1. Do you have ________ milk?

2. Would you like ________ cup of tea?

3. Do you want ________ orange?

4. Buy him ________ nice present for his birthday.

5. Father gives me ________ money every week.

6. Do you want ________ apple?

7. She invites ________ boys from her class once a month.

8. He always puts ________ sugar in his coffee.

9. Mum, I've got ________ letter for you.

10. Mum, please give me ________ melon.

Đáp án:

1. some	2. a	3. an	4. a	5. some
6. an	7. some	8. some	9. a	10. a

Exercise 2. Choose the best answer.

1. Liam and Peter send us ________ photos.

A. a

B. an

C. some 

2. ________ child is crying on the other side of the street.

A. A

B. An

C. Some 

3. Can you give him ________ cola?

A. a

B. an

C. some 

4. Do you want ________ ice cream?

A. a

B. an

C. some 

5. I give him ________ more coffee.

A. a

B. an

C. some 

6. Father buys me ________ mountain bike.

A. a

B. an

C. some 

7. Does the baby drink ________ orange juice?

A. a

B. an

C. some 

8. Would you like some butter and ________ jam?

A. a

B. an

C. some 

9. Let's go and buy some rolls and ________ loaf of bread.

A. a

B. an

C. some 

10. This is ________ excellent test.

A. a

B. an

C. some 

Đáp án:

1. C	2. A	3. C	4. B	5. C
6. A	7. C	8. C	9. A	10. B

Exercise 3. You need to change the sentences so that they are correct. Type in the whole sentences. Be careful with spelling and punctuation.

1. There is any milk in the fridge.

________________________________.

2. There is a bread in the fridge.

________________________________.

3. There is an plum in the cupboard.

________________________________.

4. There is some apple in the basket.

________________________________.

5. There is some peach on the shelf.

________________________________.

Đáp án:

1. There is some milk in the fridge.

2. There is some bread in the cupboard.

3. There is a plum in the cupboard.

4. There is an apple in the cupboard.

5. There is a peach on the shelf.

Exercise 4. Read about what these people do and say what their jobs are. Choose from:

chef	interpreter	journalist	nurse
plumber	surgeon	tour guide	waiter

1. Sarah looks after patients in the hospital.

_______________________________.

2. Gary works in a restaurant. He brings the food to the tables.

_______________________________.

3. Jane writes articles for a newspaper.

_______________________________.

4. Kevin works in a hospital. He operates on people.

_______________________________.

5. Jonathan cooks in a restaurant.

_______________________________.

6. Dave installs and repairs water pipes.

_______________________________.

7. Martina takes visitors round her city and tells them about it.

_______________________________.

8. Lisa translates what people are saying from one language into another so that they can understand each other.

_______________________________.

Đáp án:

1. She’s a nurse.	5. He’s a chef.
2. He’s a waiter.	6. He’s a plumber.
3. She’s a journalist.	7. She’s a tour guide.
4. He’s a surgeon.	8. She’s an interpreter.

Exercise 5. Put in a/an or some where necessary. If no word is necessary, leave the space empty.

1. I’ve seen _______ good films recently.

2. What’s wrong with you? Have you got _______ headache?

3. I know a lot of people. Most of them are _______ students.

4. When I was _______ child, I used to be very shy.

5. Would you like to be _______ actor?

6. Questions, questions, questions! You’re always asking _______ questions!

7. What _______ beautiful garden!

8. _______ birds, for example the penguin, cannot fly.

9. Do you like staying in _______ hotels?

10. I’ve been walking for three hours. I’ve got _______ sore feet.

Đáp án:

1. some	2. a	3. –	4. a	5. an
6. –	7. a	8. Some	9. –	10. –

Exercise 6. Complete the sentences with a, an or some.

1. I’ve got _______ pens in my pencil case. I’ve also got _______ eraser and _______ pencil. The pencil case is in my schoolbag.

2. I’ve got _______ exams next week. There’s _______ maths exam on Monday and _______ geography exam on Tuesday. I think the maths exam is really difficult!

3. There are _______ good films on TV tonight. There’s _______ horror film and _______ science fiction film. The science fiction film is at 7 p.m. and the horror film is at 9 p.m.

4. My dad has got _______ motorbike and my mum has got _______ old car. The motorbike is red, and the car is blue.

5. I’ve got _______ photos of my family on my phone. But I can’t see them because my phone is broken.

Đáp án:

1. some, a, an

2. some, a, a

3. some, a, a

4. a, an

5. some

Exercise 7. There are one or two mistakes with articles in each sentence. Circle the mistakes and rewrite the sentences correctly.

1.  I’ve got a cat and a dog. A cat is called Jimmy, and the dog is called Rex.

__________________________________________________.

2. There’s a elephant and the giraffes at our local zoo.

__________________________________________________.

3. We’ve got some apply tree in our garden. It’s very beautiful.

__________________________________________________.

4. I’ve got some phone and an MP3 player. I’ve got the phone with me, but an MP3 player is at home.

__________________________________________________.

5. There are a exercise books and some dictionary on my table.

__________________________________________________.

Đáp án:

1. I’ve got a cat and a dog. The cat is called Jimmy, and the dog is called Rex.

2. There’s an elephant and some giraffes at our local zoo.

3. We’ve got an apple tree in our garden.

4. I’ve got a phone and an MP3 player. I’ve got the phone with me, but the MP3 player is at home.

5. There are some exercise books and a dictionary on my table.

Xem thêm các loạt bài Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh hay, chi tiết khác:

• Các cấu trúc Đảo ngữ trong Tiếng Anh
• Động từ khuyết thiếu trong Tiếng Anh
• Phân biệt cách sử dụng In – On – At
• Cấu trúc Câu bị động dạng đặc biệt
• Cấu trúc Câu bị động theo các thì

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