Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 7 Global Success (có lời giải)

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Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 7: Environmental protection sách Global Success có đáp án chi tiết giúp học sinh lớp 8 ôn tập để học tốt môn Tiếng Anh 8.

Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 7 Global Success (có lời giải)

A. GRAMMAR

I. Complex sentences with adverb clause of time. (Câu phức với mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian)

1. Complex sentences with adverb clause of time là gì?

        Câu phức có mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian là những câu gồm hai mệnh đề: một mệnh đề chính (độc lập) và một mệnh đề phụ thuộc, được dùng để biểu thị thời gian xảy ra của hành động hoặc sự kiện. Mệnh đề phụ thuộc này thường bắt đầu bằng các liên từ chỉ thời gian như:

• before (trước khi),

• after (sau khi),

• when (khi),

• while (trong khi),

• till/until (cho đến khi),

• as soon as (ngay khi), v.v.

Các từ nối này giúp xác định khoảng thời gian hoặc thời điểm mà hành động trong câu xảy ra.

Ví dụ: Before she went to bed, she brushed her teeth. (Trước khi đi ngủ, cô ấy đã đánh răng.)

            She was cooking dinner when I arrived. (Cô ấy đang nấu bữa tối khi tôi đến.)

After he finished his homework, he played video games. (Sau khi làm xong bài tập, cậu ấy chơi trò chơi điện tử.)

Lưu ý: Mệnh đề trạng ngữ là một mệnh đề phụ (subordinate clause), vì thế mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian không thể đứng một mình mà phải luôn đi kèm với một mệnh đề chính (independent clause). Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian có thể đứng đầu câu hoặc cuối câu. Nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian đứng ở đầu câu sẽ ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy.

Ví dụ: While the baby was sleeping, her mother quietly cleaned the house. (Trong khi em bé đang ngủ, mẹ của bé nhẹ nhàng dọn dẹp nhà cửa.)

Before the guests arrived, she had already prepared all the food. (Trước khi khách đến, cô ấy đã chuẩn bị xong hết đồ ăn.)

After he turned off the lights, the room became completely dark. (Sau khi anh ấy tắt đèn, căn phòng trở nên hoàn toàn tối.)

2. Sự phối hợp giữa động từ trong mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.

a. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại đơn.

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian	Liên từ sử dụng	Mệnh đề chính
S + V (hiện tại đơn)	after before until as soon as when	S + V (tương lai đơn)/ be going to
	by by the time before	S + V (tương lai hoàn thành)

Ví dụ: When the movie finishes, we’ll grab something to eat. (Khi bộ phim kết thúc, chúng ta sẽ đi ăn gì đó.)

          When the clock strikes midnight, people will start celebrating the New Year. (Khi đồng hồ điểm nửa đêm, mọi người sẽ bắt đầu ăn mừng năm mới.)

          By the time she comes back, we will have cleaned the whole house. (Đến lúc cô ấy quay về, chúng tôi sẽ dọn xong cả căn nhà.)

            When the guests arrive, dinner will be ready. (Khi khách đến, bữa tối sẽ sẵn sàng.)

b. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian	Liên từ sử dụng	Mệnh đề chính
S + V (hiện tại hoàn thành)	after	S + V (tương lai đơn)/ be going to

Ví dụ: After he has finished his project, he will take a short break. (Sau khi hoàn thành dự án của mình, anh ấy sẽ nghỉ ngơi một chút.)

          After we have packed everything, we will leave for the airport. (Sau khi chúng tôi thu dọn xong mọi thứ, chúng tôi sẽ rời đi đến sân bay.)

c. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ đơn

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian	Liên từ sử dụng	Mệnh đề chính
S + V (quá khứ đơn)	since	S + V (hiện tại hoàn thành)
	after before until as soon as when	S + V (quá khứ đơn)
	when while as	S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)
	by the time before	S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)

Ví dụ: Since he got his new job, he has become much more confident. (Kể từ khi anh ấy có công việc mới, anh ấy đã trở nên tự tin hơn nhiều.)

            As soon as she heard the news, she called her best friend. (Ngay sau khi cô ấy nghe tin, cô ấy đã gọi cho bạn thân của mình.)

            While I was cleaning the kitchen, my sister was baking a cake. (Trong khi tôi đang lau dọn bếp, chị tôi đang nướng bánh.)

            By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started. (Khi chúng tôi đến rạp chiếu phim, bộ phim đã bắt đầu rồi.)

d. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian	Liên từ sử dụng	Mệnh đề chính
S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)	while when as	S + V (quá khứ đơn)
	while when as	S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)

Ví dụ: While she was walking to school, it suddenly started to rain. (Trong khi cô ấy đang đi bộ đến trường, trời bất ngờ đổ mưa.)

            While Sarah was watering the plants in the garden, her dog was digging a hole. (Trong khi Sarah đang tưới cây trong vườn, con chó của cô ấy đang đào một cái hố.)

e. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian	Liên từ sử dụng	Mệnh đề chính
S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)	as soon as after	S + V (quá khứ đơn)

Ví dụ: By the time he had packed all his belongings, the taxi had already arrived. (Vào lúc anh ấy đóng gói xong tất cả đồ đạc, chiếc taxi đã đến rồi.)

            After they had locked all the doors, they went out for dinner. (Sau khi họ khóa hết tất cả các cửa, họ ra ngoài ăn tối.)

B. PRACTICE

Bài 1: Gạch chân lựa chọn đúng để hoàn thành câu.

1. You should wait here when / until / while your parents come back.

2. While / After / Before the party, there was a lot of food left.

3. My sister was sleeping when / as / as soon as she was studying for the test last night.

4. As soon as / While / After I left home for school, it rained heavily.

5. The train arrived while / as soon as / before Elle was having lunch.

6. Because / Although / If the water is very cold in January, they go swimming anyway.

7. My father goes jogging every morning before / after / until he gets ready for work.

8. I learned a lot about wildlife until / after / as soon as I visited Cuc Phuong National Park yesterday.

9. I usually drink a glass of warm milk after / until / before I go to bed.

10. Who takes care of the baby when / after / before your mother is away?

11. After / Before / While we receive your confirmation email, we will send you a link to download the program.

12. I have to wait while / before / until my mum comes home.

13. Before / When / While she is ready, we will leave.

14. I’ll send you a text message until / as soon as / before I hear from Nam.

15. Before / After / While she goes, she will turn off all the computers.

16. He will send them an email before / until / as soon as he arrives in London.

17. I will give you my reply before / by / this time I leave this afternoon.

18. I’ll go online while / as soon as / until I get home.

19. Before / Until / When Mr. Tan phones, please let me know.

20. Let’s play with the children after / until / while it is time to go.

Bài 2: Gạch chân mệnh đề phụ thuộc trong các câu sau đây.

1. She is the women that he loves best.

2. The roads were slippery when it rained.

3. They are generous although they aren’t rich.

4. Since we’ve booked the tickets online, we won’t queue at the counter.

5. The hotel where we stayed last month wasn’t very clean.

6. The man who is wearing a yellow cap is my uncle.

7. John hasn’t travelled recently because he doesn’t have time.

8. If she doesn’t tell anyone, no one can know the truth.

9. Tien Dung married Chu Dong Tu even though he was very poor.

10. Quan ho is chosen to perform at the Lim Festival because it is the traditional folk song of Bac Ninh.

Bài 3: Complete the sentence with when, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as,...

1. I will call you __________I arrive at the airport.

2.  __________he was watching TV, the phone rang.

3. We had dinner __________we finished our homework.

4. She has lived in Hanoi __________2010.

5. You should wash your hands __________having meals.

6. He will wait here __________you come back.

7.  __________I was walking to school, I met an old friend.

8. I’ll give you the book __________I see you tomorrow.

9. Don’t go out __________it stops raining.

10. They had lived there __________they moved to the city.

Bài 4: Sắp xếp các từ đã cho để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.

1. call / I / I will / you / I / arrive / as soon as the / airport / at /.
→ ____________________________________________

2. them / should / You / they / help / if / need /.
→ ____________________________________________

3. will / We / frozen / be / you / temperature / unless / increase / the /.
→ ____________________________________________

4. after / The / the / shop / closed / had left / last customer /.
→ ____________________________________________

5. must / You / stop / when / the / turn / red / traffic lights /.
→ ____________________________________________

6. always makes / My / breakfast / mother / for me / before / goes to / she / work /.
→ ____________________________________________

7. is / her / doing / Mai / homework / Nga / while / to / music / is / listening /.
→ ____________________________________________

8. come / to / She / decided / even though / didn’t / like / the / party / she / it /.
→ ____________________________________________

9. Can / help / me / you / the / dishes / wash / while / cleaning / I’m / floor?
→ ____________________________________________

10. lots of / She / eat / fried food / not good / shouldn’t / as / for / your / it is / health /.
→ ____________________________________________

Bài 5: Kết hợp hai câu đã cho, sử dụng liên từ chỉ thời gian.

1. A serious road accident happened. We were waiting for the bus yesterday. (while)
→ _______________________________________________

2. I had to get the mop. I spilled my juice. (since)
→ _______________________________________________

3. He fell down the ladder. His leg was broken. (and)
→ _______________________________________________

4. We had picked up trash. We left the campsite. (before)
→ _______________________________________________

5. It started raining. They were putting up the tent. (when)
→ _______________________________________________

6. I get my parents’ permission. I will go out with my friends. (after)
→ _______________________________________________

7. The weather was bad. We were on holiday last month. (when)
→ _______________________________________________

8. I will call my mom. I get the result. (as soon as)
→ _______________________________________________

9. It rains. My father usually drives me to school. (when)
→ _______________________________________________

10. Jack can’t play games. He finishes his homework. (before)
→ _______________________________________________

KEYS

Bài 1:

1. You should wait here when / until / while your parents come back.

2. While / After / Before the party, there was a lot of food left.

3. My sister was sleeping when / as / as soon as she was studying for the test last night.

4. As soon as / While / After I left home for school, it rained heavily.

5. The train arrived while / as soon as / before Elle was having lunch.

6. Because / Although / If the water is very cold in January, they go swimming anyway.

7. My father goes jogging every morning before / after / until he gets ready for work.

8. I learned a lot about wildlife until / after / as soon as I visited Cuc Phuong National Park yesterday.

9. I usually drink a glass of warm milk after / until / before I go to bed.

10. Who takes care of the baby when / after / before your mother is away?

11. After / Before / While we receive your confirmation email, we will send you a link to download the program.

12. I have to wait while / before / until my mum comes home.

13. Before / When / While she is ready, we will leave.

14. I’ll send you a text message until / as soon as / before I hear from Nam.

15. Before / After / While she goes, she will turn off all the computers.

16. He will send them an email before / until / as soon as he arrives in London.

17. I will give you my reply before / by / this time I leave this afternoon.

18. I’ll go online while / as soon as / until I get home.

19. Before / Until / When Mr. Tan phones, please let me know.

20. Let’s play with the children after / until / while it is time to go.

Bài 2:

1. She is the women that he loves best.

2. The roads were slippery when it rained.

3. They are generous although they aren’t rich.

4. Since we’ve booked the tickets online, we won’t queue at the counter.

5. The hotel where we stayed last month wasn’t very clean.

6. The man who is wearing a yellow cap is my uncle.

7. John hasn’t travelled recently because he doesn’t have time.

8. If she doesn’t tell anyone, no one can know the truth.

9. Tien Dung married Chu Dong Tu even though he was very poor.

10. Quan ho is chosen to perform at the Lim Festival because it is the traditional folk song of Bac Ninh.

Bài 3:

1. when	2. while	3. after	4. since	5. before
6. until	7. while	8. when/as soon as	9. until	10. before

Bài 4:

1. I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.

2. You should help them if they need.

3. We will be frozen unless you increase the temperature.

4. The shop closed after the last customer had left.

5. You must stop when the traffic lights turn red.

6. My mother always makes breakfast for me before she goes to work.

7. Mai is doing her homework while Nga is listening to music.

8. She decided to come to the party even though she didn’t like it.

9. Can you help me wash the dishes while I’m cleaning the floor?

10. She shouldn’t eat lots of fried food as it is not good for your health.

Bài 5:

1. A serious road accident happened while we were waiting for the bus yesterday.

2. I had to get the mop since I spilled my juice.

3. He fell down the ladder and his leg was broken.

4. Before we left the campsite, we had picked up trash.

5. It started raining when they were putting up the tent.

6. I will go out with my friends after I get my parents’ permission.

7. The weather was bad when we were on holiday last month.

8. I will call my mom as soon as I get the result.

9. When it rains, my father usually drives me to school.

10. Jack can’t play games before he finishes his homework.

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Lưu trữ: Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 7 (sách cũ)

B. GRAMMAR

I/ LÝ THUYẾT CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

Trong bài học này, chúng ta sẽ ôn tập hai loại câu điều kiện là câu điều kiện loại 1 và câu điều kiện loại 2.

1. Câu điều kiện loại 1

Câu điều kiện loại 1 diễn tả sự việc, hiện tượng có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

CẤU TRÚC: If + S + V (HTĐ), S will/ can V.

eg:

If I prepare for my final exam carefully, I will pass the exam.

If she goes to bed late, she will be tired tomorrow.

If you don’t buy this dress, others will take it.

NOTE: Thì hiện tại đơn có thể được dùng trong mệnh đề chính để diễn tả một điều kiện luôn đúng.

2. Câu điều kiện loại 2

Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả sự việc, hiện tượng không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

CẤU TRÚC: If S + Ved (QKĐ), S + would/ could + V.

eg:

If my mother stayed at home now, she would cook a lot of delicious food.

If they remembered to lock the door, the thief couldn’t get in.

If it didn’t rain now, I would go out.

NOTE: Với câu điều kiện loại 2, với mọi chủ ngữ thì tobe đều được chia về were.

eg:

If I were you, I would talk to my teacher.

If he were here, he could give me a lift.

If we were able to fly, we wouldn’t need vehicles.

II/ LIÊN TỪ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN – KẾT QUẢ

Các liên từ chỉ nguyên nhân – kết quả trong bài học này là:

1. Liên từ kết hợp với mệnh đề (S – V – O): because, since, as

CẤU TRÚC: S – V – O + because/ since/ as + S – V – O

eg:

We protect the environment because it saves our lives.

She called me since she wanted to borrow some money from me.

As this chemical is harmful, the government prohibited the production of it.

2. Liên từ kết hợp với danh từ/ danh động từ (N/ V-ing): because of, due to, owing to

CẤU TRÚC: S – V – O + because of/ due to/ owing to + N/ V-ing

eg:

They stayed at home because of not having anything to do.

Due to the rain, the event had to be cancelled.

My mother can’t go with me owing to her work.

3. Các cụm động từ chỉ quan hệ nguyên nhân – kết quả: cause, lead to, result in

CẤU TRÚC: S + cause/ lead to/ result in + N

eg:

Human’s deforestation causes depletion in the Ozone layer.

Air pollution leads to a lot of respiratory diseases.

Overpopulation results in food insecurity.

Xem thêm Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Global Success có đáp án hay khác:

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 1 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 2 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 3 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 4 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 5 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 6 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 8 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 9 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 10 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 11 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 12 Global Success

Xem thêm các loạt bài Để học tốt Tiếng Anh lớp 8 hay khác:

• Giải sách bài tập Tiếng Anh 8
• 960 Bài tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh 8 có đáp án
• Giải sgk Tiếng Anh 8
• Top 30 Đề thi Tiếng Anh 8 (có đáp án)
• Top 30 Đề thi Tiếng Anh 8 mới (có đáp án)

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