Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 11 Global Success (có lời giải)

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Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 11: Science and technology sách Global Success có đáp án chi tiết giúp học sinh lớp 8 ôn tập để học tốt môn Tiếng Anh 8.

Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 11 Global Success (có lời giải)

A. GRAMMAR

I. Reported speech (statements) – Câu tường thuật ( dạng trần thuật)

1. Câu tường thuật là gì?

        Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech) hay còn gọi là câu gián tiếp, được sử dụng để thuật lại lời nói của người khác mà vẫn giữ nguyên nội dung gốc. Khi chuyển sang dạng này, lời nói không còn được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép như trong câu trực tiếp.

Ví dụ:

Câu trực tiếp: Tom said, “I don’t like coffee.”

→ Câu tường thuật: Tom said that he didn’t like coffee.

Câu trực tiếp: She said, “I am tired.”

→ Câu tường thuật: She said that she was tired.

2. Các bước chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

a. Đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ

	Lời nói trực tiếp	Lời nói gián tiếp
Đại từ nhân xưng	I	He/ she
	We	They
	You	I/ we, he, she
Tính từ sở hữu	My	His/ her
	Our	Their
	Your	My
Đại từ sở hữu	Mine	His/ hers
	Ours	Their
	Yours	Mine
Đại từ tân ngữ	Me	Him/ her
	Us	Them
	You	Me/ him/ her

b. Chuyển thời động từ

Thông thường ta chỉ lùi thì khi động từ giới thiệu say, tell, ask, etc. chia ở thời quá khứ đơn. Không lùi thời khi các động từ trên chia ở hiện tại đơn.

Quy tắc lùi thời được tóm gọn trong bảng sau:

Lời nói trực tiếp	Lời nói gián tiếp
Hiện tại đơn (S + Vs/es )	Quá khứ đơn (S + Ved)
Hiện tại tiếp diễn (S + is/am/are + Ving)	Quá khứ tiếp diễn (S + was/were + Ving)
Hiện tại hoàn thành (S + has/ have + PII)	Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)
Quá khứ đơn (S + Ved)	Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)
Quá khứ tiếp diễn (S + was/ were + Ving)	Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (S + had been + Ving)
Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)	Giữ nguyên
Tương lai đơn (S + will + V)	S + would V
Tương lai gần (S + am/ is/ are + going to V)	Was/ were + going to V
Must	Had to
Can	Could
May	Might
Câu điều kiện loại I	Câu điều kiện loại II

c. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn

Trực tiếp	Gián tiếp
Tomorrow	The next day / the following day
Yesterday	The day before / the previous day
Last + danh từ thời gian	The previous + danh từ thời gian
	The + danh từ thời gian + before
Next + danh từ thời gian	The following + danh từ thời gian
	The next + danh từ thời gian
This	That
These	Those
Here	There
Now	Then
Today	That day
Ago	Before

3. Cách chuyển sang câu gián tiếp với từng loại câu cụ thể

⮚ Câu trần thuật

Với câu trần thuật, ta chỉ cần viết lại động từ giới thiệu, sau đó chuyển đổi chủ ngữ, lùi thời của động từ chính, và thay đổi trạng ngữ (nếu có) theo bảng đã nêu ở phần I.

CẤU TRÚC:

“S1 + V”, S2 said.

⇒ S2 + said to sb/ told sb/ explained to sb/ complained to sb/ announced/ thought/ believed + that S1 + V (lùi thời)

eg:

“We are having a meeting here now.”, the secretary said.

⇒ The secretary said that they were having a meeting there then.

B. PRACTICE

Bài 1: Gạch chân lựa chọn đúng nhất.

1. She said she was seeing her brother the following day / the previous day.

2. Mike said he had had / would have an accident the day before.

3. She said she didn’t see / hadn’t seen them since the previous week.

4. I met Tom two days ago and he said he was going to London tomorrow / the next day.

5. Erica told me she won’t / wouldn’t be back until the following Thursday.

6. John said he had worked for that company the year before / the year after.

7. Sam told the police he didn’t know / hadn’t known what had happened.

8. Harry told us he is / was catching the first bus to New York the next day.

9. My mother told me that if I ate / had eaten too much, I would feel ill.

10. When I rang her this morning, she told me that she was busy today / that day.

Bài 2: Viết lại câu ở dạng câu tường thuật.

1. ‘I’m reading a Science book.”

→ She told me ………………………………………………………………

2. “The 8.30 flight to Da Nang will be delayed for 2 hours.”

→ They announced that ……………………………………………………

3. “We have applied a new production Chain.”

→ The CEO of Volkswagen said that …………………………………….

4. “The invention of light bulb is very important.”

→ My teacher said that ……………………………………………………

5. “My engineers can assemble 5 car engines a week.”

→ The director said that ……………………………………………………

6. “I hope you will build the airport with lowest cost.”

→ The Prime Minister told foreign investors that …………………………

7. “We plan to make the City a safer place for everyone.”

→ The local MP said that ……………………………………………………

8. “My family lived in Boston for five years.”

→ Carol said that ………………………………………………………………

9. “We may cut down on fossil fuels.”

→ They said that ………………………………………………………………

10. “James Watt invented the steam engine in 1769.”

→ Ms. Elena told us that ………………………………………………………

Bài 3: Viết câu ở dạng câu tường thuật.

1. “I can’t Chat because I am working now,” said John.

……………………………………………………………………………………

2. “My brother wrote this book last year,” David said to me.

……………………………………………………………………………………

3. Jane said to us, ‘Tm having dinner with Rachel tomorrow.”

……………………………………………………………………………………

4. “We’ve worked very hard today and it has paid off,” the students said.

……………………………………………………………………………………

5. “I’ll see you here next Friday,” Tom said to me.

……………………………………………………………………………………

6. “We’ll be writing to you later this week,” they said to Maria.

……………………………………………………………………………………

7. “I don’t know where Bill is living at the moment,” said Nicky.

……………………………………………………………………………………

8. “My parents left for London at 5p.m yesterday,” Susan said.

……………………………………………………………………………………

9. “I may see you next week before I leave,” Nick said to Sarah.

……………………………………………………………………………………

10. “I didn’t attend the meeting two days ago,” said Matt.

……………………………………………………………………………………

Bài 4: Viết câu ở dạng câu tường thuật.

1. "I try to learn hard to pass the entrance exam."

→ My sister said ……………………………………………………………………………

2. "My students are preparing the hall for their meeting."

→ The teacher informed ……………………………………………………………………

3. "Lien doesn't want to go for a picnic tomorrow."

→ Lan told ………………………………………………………………………………….

4. "We bought a special TV which could perform two different channels at the same time last week."

→ My friends told me ………………………………………………………………………

5. "Lily will be a talent musician in the future."

→ The music teacher hoped ………………………………………………………………...

6. "Science and technology are the keys to develop the country."

→ People believed ………………………………………………………………………….

7. "You have to wear school uniform next Monday," our teacher said.

→ Our teacher said ………………………………………………………………………….

8. "I saw the alien yesterday when I was going out with my friends" the boy said.

→ The boy said that …………………………………………………………………………

9. "I have just received a birthday gift from my mother," my friend said to me.

→ My friend told me ………………………………………………………………………...

10. "The story about that happened long ago" she said.

→ She said …………………………………………………………………………………...

Bài 5: Diền vào chỗ trống với “say” hoặc “tell” để hoàn thành câu.

1. Ann said goodbye to me and left.

2. ........... us about your holiday.Did you have a nice time?

3. Don't just stand there! ...........something!

4. I wonder where Sue is. She ...........she would be here at 8. o'clock.

5. Dan ...........me that he was bored with his job

6. The doctor ...........that I should rest for at least a week.

7. Don't ...........anybody what I ...........It's a secret just between us.

8. Did she ...........you what happened? No, she didn't ...........anything to me.

9. Gary couldn't help me. He ...........me to ask Caroline.

10. Fary couldn't help me. He ...........to ask Caroline.

KEYS

Bài 1: Gạch chân lựa chọn đúng nhất.

1. She said she was seeing her brother the following day / the previous day.

2. Mike said he had had / would have an accident the day before.

3. She said she didn’t see / hadn’t seen them since the previous week.

4. I met Tom two days ago and he said he was going to London tomorrow / the next day.

5. Erica told me she won’t / wouldn’t be back until the following Thursday.

6. John said he had worked for that company the year before / the year after.

7. Sam told the police he didn’t know / hadn’t known what had happened.

8. Harry told us he is / was catching the first bus to New York the next day.

9. My mother told me that if I ate / had eaten too much, I would feel ill.

10. When I rang her this morning, she told me that she was busy today / that day.

Bài 2:

1. She told me (that) she was reading a Science book.

2. They announced that the 8.30 flight to Da Nang would be delayed for 2 hours.

3. The CEO of Volkswagen said that they had applied a new production chain.

4. My teacher said that the invention of the light bulb was very important.

5. The director said that his engineers could assemble 5 car engines a week.

6. The Prime Minister told foreign investors that he hoped they would build the airport with the lowest cost.

7. The local MP said that they planned to make the city a safer place for everyone.

8. Carol said that her family had lived in Boston for five years.

9. They said that they might cut down on fossil fuels.

10. Ms. Elena told us that James Watt had invented the steam engine in 1769.

Bài 3:

1. John said that he couldn’t chat because he was working then.

2. David told me that his brother had written that book the previous year.

3. Jane told us that she was having dinner with Rachel the following day.

4. The students said that they had worked very hard that day and it had paid off.

5. Tom told me that he would see me there the following Friday.

6. They told Maria that they would be writing to her later that week.

7. Nicky said that she didn’t know where Bill was living at that moment.

8. Susan said that her parents had left for London at 5p.m the day before.

9. Nick told Sarah that he might see her the following week before he left.

10. Matt said that he hadn’t attended the meeting two days before.

Bài 4:

1. My sister said that she tried to learn hard to pass the entrance exam.

2. The teacher informed that his students were preparing the hall for their meeting.

3. Lan told that Lien didn’t want to go for a picnic the next day.

4. My friends told me that they had bought a special TV which could perform two different channels at the same time the week before.

5. The music teacher hoped that Lily would be a talented musician in the future.

6. People believed that science and technology were the keys to develop the country.

7. Our teacher said that we had to wear school uniform the following Monday.

8. The boy said that he had seen the alien the day before when he was going out with his friends.

9. My friend told me that he had just received a birthday gift from his mother.

10. She said that the story had happened long ago.

Bài 5:

2. Tell

3. say

4. said

5. told

6. said

7. tell .... said

8. tell .... say

9. told

10. said

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Lưu trữ: Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 11 (sách cũ)

B. GRAMMAR

CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT (dạng trần thuật)

1. Các bước chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

1.1. Đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ

	Lời nói trực tiếp	Lời nói gián tiếp
Đại từ nhân xưng	I	He/ she
	We	They
	You	I/ we, he, she
Tính từ sở hữu	My	His/ her
	Our	Their
	Your	My
Đại từ sở hữu	Mine	His/ hers
	Ours	Their
	Yours	Mine
Đại từ tân ngữ	Me	Him/ her
	Us	Them
	You	Me/ him/ her

1.2. Chuyển thời động từ:

Thông thường ta chỉ lùi thì khi động từ giới thiệu say, tell, ask, etc. chia ở thời quá khứ đơn. Không lùi thời khi các động từ trên chia ở hiện tại đơn.

Quy tắc lùi thời được tóm gọn trong bảng sau:

Lời nói trực tiếp	Lời nói gián tiếp
Hiện tại đơn (S + Vs/es )	Quá khứ đơn (S + Ved)
Hiện tại tiếp diễn (S + is/am/are + Ving)	Quá khứ tiếp diễn (S + was/were + Ving)
Hiện tại hoàn thành (S + has/ have + PII)	Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)
Quá khứ đơn (S + Ved)	Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)
Quá khứ tiếp diễn (S + was/ were + Ving)	Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (S + had been + Ving)
Quá khứ hoàn thành (S + had + PII)	Giữ nguyên
Tương lai đơn (S + will + V)	S + would V
Tương lai gần (S + am/ is/ are + going to V)	Was/ were + going to V
Must	Had to
Can	Could
May	Might
Câu điều kiện loại I	Câu điều kiện loại II

1.3. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn

Trực tiếp	Gián tiếp
Tomorrow	The next day / the following day
Yesterday	The day before / the previous day
Last + danh từ thời gian	The previous + danh từ thời gian
	The + danh từ thời gian + before
Next + danh từ thời gian	The following + danh từ thời gian
	The next + danh từ thời gian
This	That
These	Those
Here	There
Now	Then
Today	That day
Ago	Before

2. Cách chuyển sang câu gián tiếp với từng loại câu cụ thể

Câu trần thuật

Với câu trần thuật, ta chỉ cần viết lại động từ giới thiệu, sau đó chuyển đổi chủ ngữ, lùi thời của động từ chính, và thay đổi trạng ngữ (nếu có) theo bảng đã nêu ở phần I.

CẤU TRÚC:

“S1 + V”, S2 said.

⇒ S2 + said to sb/ told sb/ explained to sb/ complained to sb/ announced/ thought/ believed + that S1 + V (lùi thời)

eg:

“We are having a meeting here now.”, the secretary said.

⇒ The secretary said that they were having a meeting there then.

Xem thêm Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Global Success có đáp án hay khác:

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 1 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 2 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 3 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 4 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 5 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 6 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 7 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 8 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 9 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 10 Global Success

• Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8 Unit 12 Global Success

Xem thêm các loạt bài Để học tốt Tiếng Anh lớp 8 hay khác:

• Giải sách bài tập Tiếng Anh 8
• 960 Bài tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh 8 có đáp án
• Giải sgk Tiếng Anh 8
• Top 30 Đề thi Tiếng Anh 8 (có đáp án)
• Top 30 Đề thi Tiếng Anh 8 mới (có đáp án)

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