Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 9 Unit 4 Global Success (chi tiết nhất)

Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 9 Unit 4: Remembering the past sách Global Success có đáp án chi tiết giúp học sinh lớp 9 ôn tập để học tốt môn Tiếng Anh 9.

Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 9 Unit 4 Global Success (chi tiết nhất)

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A. GRAMMAR

I. Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn là gì?

Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous Tense) được dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra tại thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ, nhấn mạnh quá trình của hành động, sự việc diễn ra mang tính chất kéo dài.

Ví dụ: I was watching TV when the phone rang. (Tôi đang xem tivi thì diện thoại reo.)

They were playing football at 4 p.m yesterday. (Họ đang chơi bóng đá lúc 4 giờ chiều hôm qua.)

While she was cooking, I was cleaning the house. (Trong khi cô ấy đang nấu ăn thì tôi đang dọn dẹp nhà cửa.)

2. Công thức thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Loại câu	Cấu trúc	Ví dụ
Thể khẳng định	S + was/were + V-ing	At 8 p.m. last night, I was watching a documentary about wildlife. (Lúc 8 giờ tối qua, tôi đang xem một bộ phim tài liệu về động vật hoang dã.)
Thể phủ định	S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing	They weren’t studying for the exam when I called them. (Họ đang không học bài cho kỳ thi khi tôi gọi.)
Câu nghi vấn (Yes/ No question)	Was/ Were + (not) + S + V-ing ? Câu trả lời: Yes, S + was/were No, S + wasn’t/weren’t.	Were you playing football at 5 p.m. yesterday? (Bạn có đang chơi bóng vào 5 giờ chiều qua không?)
Câu nghi vấn (WH- question)	When/ Where/ Why/ What/ How + was/ were + (not) + S + V-ing?	What were you doing when the power went out? (Bạn đang làm gì khi mất điện vậy?)

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Lưu ý:

• Chia động từ to be “was”/”were” phụ thuộc vào chủ ngữ chính.

⮚ Sử dụng "was" khi chủ ngữ là đại từ “I”, “he”, “she”, “it” hoặc danh từ không đếm được, danh từ đếm được số ít.

⮚ Sử dụng "were" khi chủ ngữ là đại từ “you”, “we”, “they” hoặc danh từ đếm được số nhiều.

• Trong câu phủ định, động từ tobe “was not” và “were not” có thể được viết tắt thành “wasn’t” và “weren’t”.

3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

a. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian (thường kèm theo với thời điểm cụ thể) trong quá khứ

Dấu hiệu	Ví dụ
at + giờ + thời điểm trong quá khứ	She was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday. (Cô ấy đang nấu bữa tối vào lúc 6 giờ tối hôm qua.)
at this/ that time + thời điểm trong quá khứ	At this time two weeks ago, we were lying on a beach in Phu Quoc. (Vào thời điểm này hai tuần trước, chúng tôi đang nằm trên bãi biển ở Phú Quốc.)
all/ the whole + day/ morning/ afternoon evening/ night + thời điểm trong quá khứ	They were working the whole night last Friday. (Họ đã làm việc suốt cả đêm thứ Sáu tuần trước.)

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Ngoài ra, để nói về sự kiện lặp đi lặp lại, ngoài kế hoạch hoặc không mong muốn đã thường diễn ra trong quá khứ, thì quá khứ tiếp diễn còn có thể sử dụng: always, constantly, forever, all the time, perpetually, the entire time.

b. Câu chứa từ “when” (khi) và “while” (trong khi)

When

While

Cách dùng

Sử dụng trong câu để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra khi hành động khác xảy đến.

Sử dụng trong câu để diễn tả 2 hành động xảy ra song song cùng một thời điểm trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ

I was doing my homework when the lights went out. (Tôi đang làm bài tập thì đèn tắt.)

She was walking to school when it started to rain. (Cô ấy đang đi bộ đến trường thì trời bắt đầu mưa.)

I was listening to music while my sister was studying. (Tôi đang nghe nhạc trong khi em gái tôi đang học bài.)

Tom was working on his laptop while Anna was reading a book. (Tom đang làm việc trên máy tính xách tay trong khi Anna đang đọc sách.)

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4. Cách sử dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Cách dùng của thì quá khứ tiếp diễn	Ví dụ
Dùng để diễn tả sự việc, hành động diễn ra ở một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ.	I was studying at 8 p.m. yesterday. (Tôi đang học lúc 8 giờ tối qua.)
Diễn tả chuỗi các hành động đang xảy ra tại cùng một thời điểm trong quá khứ.	She was cooking while I was cleaning the house. (Cô ấy đang nấu ăn trong khi tôi đang dọn nhà.)
Diễn tả một hành động trong quá khứ nhưng bị gián đoạn chen ngang bởi một hành động khác.	He was sleeping when the phone rang. (Anh ấy đang ngủ thì điện thoại reo.)
Dùng để nói về một hành động, hoặc sự việc lặp lại nhiều trong quá khứ với ý tiêu cực, khiến người khác khó chịu.	He was always complaining about the food. (Anh ấy lúc nào cũng than phiền về đồ ăn.)

5. Những động từ không chia ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Một số động từ chỉ trạng thái (gọi là stative verbs) không chia ở các thì tiếp diễn, bao gồm cả thì quá khứ tiếp diễn. Những động từ này mô tả cảm xúc, trạng thái tồn tại, nhận thức hoặc sự sở hữu – chứ không phải hành động có thể quan sát được.

Một vài nhóm động từ trạng thái phổ biến bao gồm:

• Nhóm giác quan: taste (nếm, có vị), smell (ngửi, có mùi), hear (nghe), v.v.

• Nhóm trạng thái cảm nhận/hiện tượng: appear, seem, sound (đều có nghĩa là “có vẻ”)

• Nhóm sở hữu: have, belong to, contain, possess (có, thuộc về, chứa đựng, sở hữu)

• Nhóm sở thích/cảm xúc: like, love, hate, desire, wish (thích, yêu, ghét, mong muốn, ước)

• Nhóm nhận thức/tri thức: know, understand, believe, v.v.

Vì mang tính trạng thái nên các động từ này nên được dùng với thì quá khứ đơn, không dùng ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.

Ví dụ: I was understanding math class until we started this new chapter. (SAI – vì “understand” là động từ chỉ nhận thức)

I understood math class until we started this new chapter. (ĐÚNG – sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn)

Tạm dịch: Tôi đã hiểu bài học toán cho đến khi chúng ta bắt đầu chương mới này.

II. Wish + past simple (Câu ước + thì quá khứ đơn)

1. Định nghĩa

Wish + Past Simple được dùng khi người nói muốn một điều gì đó xảy ra khác với hiện tại, hoặc ước điều gì đó không thật ở hiện tại.

2. Cấu trúc

S + wish(es) + (that) + S + V2/ Ved (thì quá khứ đơn)

Lưu ý: Dù hành động ước xảy ra ở hiện tại, ta vẫn dùng thì quá khứ đơn trong mệnh đề “wish” để thể hiện điều không có thật hoặc khó xảy ra.

Ví dụ:

• I wish my best friend were here with me now. (Tôi ước bạn thân của tôi đang ở đây với tôi bây giờ.)

• I wish you were watching this movie with me. (Tôi ước cậu đang xem bộ phim này cùng tôi.)

• Lan wishes that her brother had a motorbike. (Lan ước rằng anh trai của cô ấy có một chiếc xe máy.)

• I wish that we didn’t have so much homework today. (Tôi ước hôm nay chúng tôi không có nhiều bài tập về nhà như vậy.)

• If only I lived near the beach. (Giá như tôi sống gần biển.)

Lưu ý:

- Trong các trường hợp trang trọng, ta dùng were thay cho was trong câu ước. Tuy nhiên cách dùng was cũng được chấp nhận.

Ví dụ: I wish I were a boy. (Tôi ước tôi là con trai.)

She wishes she were a rich person. (Cô ấy ước cô ấy là người giàu có.)

- Chúng ta có thề sử dụng could trong câu wish để thể hiện khả năng làm một việc gì đó hoặc khả năng xảy ra điều gì đó.

Ví dụ: I wish that I could speak Spanish. (Tôi ước tôi có thể nói tiếng Tây Ban Nha.)

I wish that we could go out tonight. (Tôi ước chúng ta có thể đi chơi vào tối nay.)

B. PRACTICE

Bài 1: Gạch chân đáp án chính xác nhất.

1. The Smiths aren’t painting/ weren’t painting their house last weekend

2. Tom cleaned/ was cleaning the living room when Jane arrived

3. Did/ Were the students writing an essay in class this morning?

4. Frank was fixing/ fixed his car when his mobile rang

5. Mark didn’t wear/ wasn’t wearing a coat when it started to rain.

6. He is/ was driving to work this morning when Anna called.

7. While my parents were working/ was working, I was studying at home

8. I walked/ was walking home when I tripped/ was tripping and fell

9. At 8 o’clock last night, we were having/ had dinner at a Chinese restaurant.

Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ để hoàn thành câu, sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn.

1. Peter ___________ (play) a video game when his brother, Jack, ___________ (enter) the room.

2. I ___________ (study) for my English test when my mother ___________ (come) home from work.

3. Emma ___________ (wash) the dishes when the telephone ___________ (ring).

4. I ___________ (ate) a sandwich while my parents ___________ (drink) coffee.

5. I ___________ (watch) a DVD when my cat ___________ (jump) on me.

6. I ___________ (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I ___________ (sleep)

7. It (be) ___________ beautiful yesterday when we ___________ (go) for a walk in the park. The sun ___________ (shine). The birds ___________ (sing).

8. My brother and sister ___________ (talk) anout something when I ___________ (walk) into the room.

9. Tom ___________(go) to his friend’s house, but the boys ___________ (not be) there. They ___________ (play) soccer in the vacant lot down the street.

10. The little boy ___________ (fall) asleep while his mother ___________ (read) him a story.

11. I really ___________ (enjoy) my holiday last January. While it ___________ (snow) in Iowa, the sun ___________ (shine) in Floria.

12. It ___________ (snow) when I ___________ (leave) home this morning.

13. It was a sunny afternoon and people ___________ (sit) on the grass in the park. Then suddenly it ___________ (start) to rain.

14. My brother ___________ (talk) on the phone when I arrived, but when he ___________ (see) me, he ___________ (finish) the call. Perhaps he thought that I ___________ (listen) to his conversation.

15. We ___________ (climb) the wall when the gardener ___________ (see) us.

16. Susan ___________ (play) the piano while Mary ___________ (sing)

17. ___________ (you/ listen) to the teacher when she ___________ (explain) this exercise?

18. Linda ___________ (have) a beautiful dream when the alarm clock ___________ (ring).

Bài 3: Dùng “When” hoặc “While” để hoàn thiện các câu sau.

1. I had a bad dream _____________ I was sleeping on the sofa

2. I was talking to my husband in the park _____________ two cars crashed behind us.

3. You called me last night _____________ I was studying for an important exam.

4. The students were doing an exercise _____________ the bell rang.

5. Anna was doing her homework _____________ the lights went out.

Bài 4: Cho dạng đúng của động từ để hoàn thành các câu sau, sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn.

1. We ______________ to the cinema yesterday. (to go)

2. I ______________ my homework for the whole evening yesterday. (to do)

3. Emily ______________ the piano at 4 p.m yesterday. (to play)

4. When John came home, his little brother ______________ TV. (to watch)

5. They ______________ a new house last month. (to buy)

6. We ______________ our relatives in the USA two years ago. (to visit)

7. As Sophie ______________ (walk) up Regent Street, she ______________ (meet) an old friend from college.

8. Who ______________ (you/ speak) to on the phone when I ______________ (come) in?

9. Mary ______________ (read) in bed when she ______________ (hear) a strange noise downstairs.

10. The fireman ______________ (rescue) a 75-year-old woman who ______________ (be) trapped on the second floor of the burning building.

11. When I ______________ (open) the door, two people ______________ (stand) there.

12. Your package ______________ (arrive) while we ______________ (have) dinner.

13. Gran ______________ (do) really well when I ______________ (see) her yesterday.

14. The teacher ______________ (ask) me a question while I ______________ (look) out of the window

15. We ______________ (not drive) very fast when the police officer ______________ (stop) us.

16. While I ______________ (drive), I ______________ (have) an accident.

17. Kate ______________ (have) dinner and then she ______________ (do) her homework.

18. The thieves ______________ (hide) in the kitchen when the police ______________ (come) in.

19. Sam ______________ (plan) a party and then he ______________ (phone) his friends.

20. While we ______________ (clean) the house, we ______________ (break) some glasses.

21. Alan ______________ (look) out of the window when he ______________ (see) a UFO.

Bài 5: Dựa vào các từ đã cho sẵn, viết câu hoàn chỉnh, sử dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.

1. Mary/ play/ piano/ while/ her parents/ watch TV.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

2. She/ paint/ a picture/ while/ her brother/ do/ his homework.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

3. Jane/ bake/ a cake/ while/ her father/ decorate the house.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

4. They/ explore/ city streets/ take/ photographs/ all day

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

5. My sister/ play/ badminton/ while/ my brother/ fly/ kite.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

6. Ngoe/ have/ meeting/ 9 a.m./ last Wednesday.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

7. Quang/ read/ science book/ all morning.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

8. he/ chat/ friends/ online/10 p.m./ yesterday?

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

9. I/ save/ money/ for months/ buy/ new/ car.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

10. John/ sing/ while/ his friends/ dance/ at/ party.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

11. They/ study/ Spanish/ all year/ prepare/ their trip.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

12. My brother/ practise/ guitar/ all month/ improve/ his skills.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

Bài 6: Gạch chân đáp án chính xác.

1. My sister wishes she has /had / is having a better phone with a good camera.

2. Oscar wishes he can learn / could learn / can learned more about different cultures.

3. Tom wishes he has / had / was having a magic wand to make his wishes come true.

4. Maria wishes she visits / is visiting / visited all the famous landmarks in the world.

5. I wish I know / knowed /knew how to make a chocolate cake.

6. The kids wish they can have / can had / could have a treehouse in their backyard.

7. Does Trung wish he has /have / had more time to spend with his family?

8. Anna wishes she gets / got / gotten the chance to meet her favourite singer in person.

9. Do you wish you could travel / travelled / travelling around the world and explore different cultures?

10. Mark wishes he becomes / has become / became a professional athlete and competes / competed / is competing in the Olympics.

Bài 7: Viết lại câu sao cho không thay đổi nghĩa, sử dụng “wish”.

1. Sarah wants to go for a hike, but she can’t because of her broken leg.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

2. My father doesn’t have a camera. He’d like to have one.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

3. Kim dreams of becoming a famous actress.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

4. I want my friends to help me move to my new apartment, but they refuse.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

5. We don’t have a dishwasher. We want to have one.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

6. I’m sorry that I don’t have the skills to help you with your Maths homework.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

7. She wants her children to prioritise their studies and maintain good grades, but they don’t.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

8. My sister is always on her phone. I want her to talk to me more.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

9. Peter works in a small town, but he would rather work in a bustling city.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

10. I’m sorry that I don’t have the ingredients to make your favourite dish for dinner.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

11. My uncle is always busy with his hobbies. I want him to teach me how to make a wood house.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

12. Trang doesn’t have a laptop. She wants to have one to work and study more efficiently.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

13. Oliver wants to quit his job and travel full-time, but he can’t because he has debts to pay off.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

14. I’m sorry that I don’t have time to attend your event tomorrow.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

15. He wants his parents to listen to his concerns and offer advice when needed, but they don’t.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

Bài 8: Gạch chân lỗi trong câu và viết lại cho đúng.

1. My father was drive to work when he saw an accident on the road.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

2. Ngoc was dancing in her room while her brother were playing video games.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

3. The volunteers made a meaningful contribute to the local orphanage.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

4. Linda wishes she has a new smartphone and a new bike.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

5. I want to observation the changing colours of the leaves in autumn.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

6. I was waiting for the bus when I realise I had forgotten my umbrella.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

7. We wish that our parents didn’t had to work so hard.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

8. Cultural preserve includes safeguarding intangible heritage like music and dance.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

9. He fixing the car in the garage for weeks because it kept breaking down.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

10. Minh and Quang are having a picnic in the garden at 3 p.m. last Saturday.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

11. She wish she had a villa with a swimming pool and a beautiful garden.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

12. We should protected valuable artefacts from being stolen or sold illegally.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

13. I wish I could reading minds and know what people are thinking.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

14. The baby was sleeping peacefully when the phone will ring loudly.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

15. My sister attends a cooking class to learn how to make new recipes three months ago.

⟶ _________________________________________________________________________

KEYS

Bài 1:

1. The Smiths aren’t painting/ weren’t painting their house last weekend

2. Tom cleaned/ was cleaning the living room when Jane arrived

3. Did/ Were the students writing an essay in class this morning?

4. Frank was fixing/ fixed his car when his mobile rang

5. Mark didn’t wear/ wasn’t wearing a coat when it started to rain.

6. He is/ was driving to work this morning when Anna called.

7. While my parents were working/ was working, I was studying at home

8. I walked/ was walking home when I tripped/ was tripping and fell

9. At 8 o’clock last night, we were having/ had dinner at a Chinese restaurant.

Bài 2:

1. was playing / entered

2. was studying / came

3. was washing / rang

4. was eating / were drinking

5. was watching / jumped

6. didn’t hear / was sleeping

7. was / went / was shining / were singing

8. were talking / walked

9. went / weren’t / were playing

10. fell / was reading

11. enjoyed / was snowing / was shining

12. was snowing / left

13. were sitting / started

14. was talking / saw / finished / was listening

15. were climbing / saw

16. was playing / was singing

17. Were you listening / was explaining

18. was having / rang

Bài 3:

1. while

2. when

3. while

4. when

5. when

Bài 4:

1. went

2. was doing

3. was playing

4. was watching

5. bought

6. visited

7. was walking / met

8. were you speaking / came

9. was reading / heard

10. rescued / was

11. opened / was standing

12. arrived / were having

13. did /saw

14. asked / was looking

15. weren’t driving / stopped

16. was driving / had

17. had / did

18. were hiding / came

19. planned / phoned

20. were cleaning / broke

21. was looking / saw

Bài 5:

1. Mary was playing the piano while her parents were watching TV.

2. She was painting a picture while her brother was doing his homework.

3. Jane was baking a cake while her father was decorating the house.

4. They were exploring the city streets and taking photographs all day.

5. My sister was playing badminton while my brother was flying a kite.

6. Ngoc was having a meeting at 9 a.m. last Wednesday.

7. Quang was reading a science book all morning.

8. Was he chatiting with his friends online at 10 p.m. yesterday?

9. I was saving money for months to buy a new car.

10. John was singing while his friends were dancing at the party.

11. They were studying Spanish all year to prepare for their trip.

12. My brother was practicing the guitar all month to improve his skills.

Bài 6: